13.3.15

Another force of nature



La Bessière, France, parish of Saint-Alban, March 13, 1765. 

Jeanne, the femme Jouve, wife of tenant farmer Pierre Jouve, was in the garden beside their house with three of her six children, when the Beast suddenly appeared and attacked, first her daughter, who was holding her baby brother, then her six-year-old son. Incredibly, Jeanne fought back, punching and pushing at the creature. The Beast growled and clawed at Jeanne’s arms and head, ripping out tufts of hair. It then seized the six-year-old boy in its jaws and carried him away. Jeanne somehow picked herself up and went after them. The Beast was strong, but the weight of the boy slowed its progress. Jeanne caught up, and grabbed the creature’s tail. [Some accounts said she grabbed a foot, some that she “seized La Bête in the place she judged to be the most sensitive” (Pourcher).] The Beast dropped the boy and howled, spinning toward the mother, clawing her once more.  Retrieving its prey, the creature made for a hole in a hedge before them, evidently striving for the open country beyond. Jeanne cried for help. Two older sons appeared with the family dog. Jeanne pointed to the departing Beast. The dog gave chase, dashed up to the creature, and threw La Bête to the ground. The six-year-old fell to one side. Enraged, the Beast wheeled and body-slammed the dog, throwing it head over heels. Jeanne’s older son rushed to aid his blood-soaked mother. The younger, brandishing a spear, joined the dog in combat and stabbed the Beast in its haunches. And at last, the Beast had had enough. It streaked away without its prize. 

Despite Jeanne’s efforts, the little boy died of massive wounds three days later. But the mother’s courage was lauded throughout France. King Louis XV would award her 300 livres, or pounds, for her bravery. Trophime Lafont, brother of Étienne, would deliver the reward to the grieving Jeanne on April 2.


8.3.15

February 9 horror


Two days later, a stunned parishioner from Le Malzieu beheld the Beast on the move, a human head in it jaws. It had just slain 12-year-old Marie-Jeanne Rousset. Its spoils were recovered by outraged neighbors. The poor girl’s body was used by Duhamel as bait with no result and she was buried. Hunts continued over the next two days; they were fruitless.

7.2.15

The February 7 hunt


On Mont Mouchet, in the country of the Beast
A complex hunt involving an incredible 12,000 participants was slated for February 7, 1765. Contingents of seigneurs (nobles), paysans (peasants), outlanders, and dragoons gathered in fog and falling snow in various districts of the region, hoping to surround and hem in the creature. Some received copies of a “composite sketch” of the public enemy based on a drawing made by Captain Duhamel himself after an interview with an attack survivor. 

The Beast was observed in Prunières that morning, and hunters trailed it to the river Truyère. Residents of nearby Le Malzieu had been instructed to guard the opposite bank, but, in protest of Duhamel’s pushy ways, the townsfolk were no-shows. (Their officials later received a royal reprimand.) And so La Bête paddled across and loped away. The Prunières party followed, braving the benumbing water and tracking the animal in the snow until it evanesced into a stand of timber.

27.1.15

King Louis XV's announcement


Mont Mouchet, France, late winter 2014
On January 27, 1765, a startling announcement was made: His Majesty, King Louis XV, would pay 6,000 livres (pounds) as a reward for the Beast’s hide! This was on top of 4,000 offered earlier. Here is how the announcement appeared in English in the London media:

By the King and Intendant of the province of Languedoc. Notice is given to all persons, that His Majesty, being justly affected by the situation of his subjects, now exposed to the ravages of the wild beast which for four months past has infested Vivarais and Gévaudan. And being desirous to stop the progress of such a calamity, has determined to promise a reward of six thousand livres to any person or persons who shall kill this animal. Such as are willing to undertake the pursuit of him may previously apply to the Sieur de la Font, sub-deputy to the Intendant of Mende, who will give them the necessary instructions agreeably to what has been presented by the ministry on the part of his Majesty.

Pourcher tells us that this same day, a “robust” man from Marvejols, hunting “with a well-loaded gun,” suddenly realized La Bête was seven paces from him, believed he was going to be its next meal, and “ran away crying for help.”




*Dickens, Charles, “A Wonderful Wild Beast.” Household Words: A Weekly Journal, Vol. 18 (November 20, 1858): 544–547.

12.1.15

Portefaix and friends face the Beast


It was on this day 250 years ago that seven children -- five boys and two girls ranging in age from  eight to 12 -- faced the Beast in Le Villeret in the Gévaudan. Jacques Portefaix, Jacques Couston, Jean Pic, Jean Veyrier, Joseph Panafleu, Madeleine Chausse, and Jeanne Gueffier were watching over their familes' cattle when the Beast attacked, grabbing eight-year-old Panafleu and going for his face, tearing away a cheek. Armed with crude bayonets (long sticks topped with strapped-on knives or triangular iron points), and led by Portefaix, 12, the children fought back, striking the Beast over and over and driving it into a nearby swamp. The Beast soon tired of the feisty children and retreated, and an adult appeared on the scene to assist. The children's courage garnered them fame and rewards, and Portefaix was given an all-expense-paid education by the state.

Image Wikimedia Commons. PD-1996. Bibilothèque nationale de France.

31.12.14

The bishop's December 31st mandement

Interior, Mende cathedral


On December 31, 1764, the bishop of Mende, France, issued a pastoral letter entitled, “Mandement by Gabriel-Florent de Choiseul-Beaupré, Bishop of Mende: The Bishop’s Charge to His Congregation/to Order Public Prayers Regarding the Animal (the Maneater Who Devastates the Gévaudan.)” In it, the bishop mentions the misfortunes of war, irregularity of the weather, and other woes, and then “this extraordinary scourge,” “a ferocious beast.”  Referring to St. Augustine (upon whom the Jansenists, a controversial religious group, based their beliefs), the bishop informed his flock, “you can easily conclude that your misfortunes can come only from your sins.”* He ordered a 40-hour prayer vigil to be held for three weeks in succession, starting January 6, 1765.




*Thompson, Richard H. Wolf-Hunting in France in the Reign of Louis XV: The Beast of the Gévaudan. Lewiston, New York; Queenstown, Ontario, Canada; Lampeter, Dyfed, Wales, United Kingdom: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1991.